Bear Hunting Idaho

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Black Bear
(Ursus americanus)
Physical Description
American black bears can be black, brown or cinnamon in coloration. Many black bears have a white splash on their chest. Their faces look delicate and small and are covered with a thin layer of brown fur. The black bear has very big hindquarters with short, strong limbs, which makes them walk slowly. They have rounded ears. When walking they have a gait similar to that of human beings as their heels and soles touch the ground as humans do. Black bears are 36 to 40 inches at the shoulder and they average six feet in length.

Average Weight Range
Mature black bears range in weight from 250 to over 600 pounds.

Reproduction
Breeding season usually occurs from June through August, and pairs can remain together for as little as a few hours or up to several days, copulating many times. Females start to reproduce when they are three to four years of age and do so until they are about 25 years of age. They only breed every other year. Mating starts when the female secretes estrus, which excites the males. Males compete with each other for breeding opportunities and seek females each year. Females reproduce through a process known as delayed implantation. The male will mate and the cubs will not begin to develop in the female until the food supply will be efficient for them when they are born. Cubs are born in January and February. The female will hibernate in a cave (den) during the gestation period. Average litter size is usually two cubs although triplets or quadruplets are occasionally born. Gestation lasts for about seven months. The cubs stay with the mother for up to 18 months and learn how to protect themselves from danger, forage for food and climb trees.

Food Usage/Selection
The black bear is a predator and strong hunter with a very good sense of smell. They are omnivores and feed on insects, nuts, fruits, plants, honey, fish, small mammals and carion.

Range
Black bears are commonly found in the woodlands of North America. They are currently found in northern Mexico, 32 states of the United States and throughout the Canadian provinces excepting Prince Edward Island.

Habitat
The American black bear usually inhabits heavily wooded areas and is sometimes found in scrub forests.

Common Hunting Methods
Black bears are pursued with rifle, archery equipment and black powder. It is always wise to glass or watch black bears and pattern them in the morning before hunting them in the evening. Black bears normally follow the same route to feeding areas in the evening. Tree stands are usually 10 to 15 feet high and are located at an average shooting distance of approximately 15 to 18 yards from baits for bow hunters. Portable stands are recommended for rifle or bow hunting. Dogs are also utilized for bear hunting in some areas.

Hunting Challenges/Values
Black bear hunting is very popular. The meat is can be prepared many different ways, while the hides are frequently made into rugs.

Interesting Tidbits
The largest American known black bear weighed 805 pounds

The fur of a black bear falls out and grows back each year

The American black bear moves up to 35 miles per hour and can also swim and climb trees with ease

Black bears consume up to 40 pounds of food a day when food is abundant

Black bears hibernate for up to 7 months in a year

Black bears live up to 20 years in the wild and even longer in captivity

Black bear cubs weigh about a half pound at birth and grow rapidly by feeding on the mother’s milk and, they weigh as much as a human infant after a few months.
 

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